Carburetor



April 29, 1930. J. ASTROM 1,756,580

CARBURETOR Filed May 3l, 1924 :T mm1 A5131 D nl Patented Apr. 29, 1930 JOHN'V ASTROM, OF FORT WAYNE, INDIANA CARBURETOR Application filed lay 31, 1924. Serial No. 717,070.

Another undesirable feature of most such systems is that a certain quantity of fuel oil must be stored inside the house either in anelevated gravity tank or in a pressure tank, and the lire hazard of such storage is obvious. y

A further common defect in such systems is that the oil is not thoroughly and uniformly mixed with the air necessary for combustion before rea-ching the burner or furnace, resulting in incomplete combustion, for mation of soot and uneconomical operation.

Still another feature of many oil burning systems is that the quantity of oil mixed with the air or the richness of the mixture is regulated by admitting the oil vthrough a jet or adjustable needle valve, the adjustment being very delicate and the small valve liable to clog up by traces of dirt or sediment.

This invention is designed to overcome the aboye noted defects and objects of such invention are to provide an improved oil burning system particularly adapted for domestic heating in which the fuel oil under no circumstances can iiood the burner, the furnace or the premises, which requires no safety devices for the prevention of such possible flooding, which requires no oil storage inside the building, in which the air. vand oil are thoroughly and uniformly mixed before reaching the burner or furnace to insure satisfactory, economical combustion, and in which the proper richness of mixture of oill with air is obtained without regulating the quantity of oil admitted. l

An embodiment of the invention is shown in the accompanying drawings, in which:

Figure l is a sidev elevation.

Figure2 is an end elevation, partly in section, of a convenient self-contained arrangement.

A fully enclosed atomizing chamber l provided with supporting lugs 2 is suspended on columns 3 and tie rods 4t from a base. The columns 3 are extended above the atomizing chamber l and carry a bed plate 6 upon which are mounted an electric motor 7 the extended shaft of which by means of couplings 8 drives a blower 9 at one end and an oil pump l0 at the opposite end, the said blower and oil pump being supported and alignedupon said bed plate. rlhe air for combustion is delivered by the blower 9 through the pipe 11 which enters the atomizing chamber l near its bottom. The air leaves the atomizing chamber at its top through the pipe l2 which conducts it to the burner 13 or other suitably arranged place of combustion. The burner 13, if employed, has a pilot light in the form of a Bunsen burner 14 receiving gas' through a pipe l5 whereby it is kept heated and `whereby the combustible mixture of fuel oil and air is ig# nited upon reaching the burner, as is common practice. l

The oil pump l0 draws fuel oil through pipe 16 from a storage tank l? located below the level of the floor line and atomizing cham-v ber l and preferably buried inthe ground. rlhe pump forces the oil through pipe 18 which enters the atomizing chamber at its upper partinto the atomizer 19, here shown located in the center of chamber l, where the oil escapes into the chamber in the formof a Y very line mist or fog. p Y f lt will be seen particularly from Figure 2 of the drawings that a downwardly directed spray is projected and forms a fine mist,- thereby creating a mistzone extending downwardly from the nozzle to the bottom of the tank and laterally to the sides of the tank in Y `V a cone-like formation.

The air pipes ll and l2 are connected by means of a by-pass pipe 20 in which is located 1 a stop valve 2l, preferably in the shape of a balanced butterfly valve as shown, which is operated by means of a lever arm 22. VIn the pipe ll, and between the by-pass pipe 20, and the atomizing chamber l, a similar valve 23/is located, operated Vby means of lever arm 24. The operation of these valves is made simultaneous by connecting the lever arms 22 and 24 by'a link 25 in such a manner that when valve 21 is'opened valve 23 is closed andV vice versa.

A drain pipe 26. connects the bottom of atomizing chamber 1 with the oil storage tank 17. The `pipe 26 is of ample size to drain all the oil pumped by oil pump from the atomizing tank back to the storage tank byV a gravity.

The operation of the oil burning systemY`4 rdescribed is as follows Y very rich mixture venters the burner. Then j regulatingV the amount of oil admittedv Upon starting up the motor 7 the blower 9 forces a strong currentV of air through pipe 11 into atoinizing chamber l where itrpasses Alirough and is inixedwith the `oil delivered by the oil pump 10 and atomized by the Y atoinizer 19..V l The mixture of air and oil now passes on through pipe 12 into the burner lwhere it is .ignited and maintains combustion as long as the motor is'in operation. Any oil not used by the burner or not brought into a sufiicientlyfine state of atomization toV be carried along with the air collects in thebottom part of the atoinizing chamber and drains back into the storage tank 17 by gravity. When the valve 21 is open and the valve 23 closed all the air delivered by blower 9 passes through atomizing chamber 1 and a valve 3 is closed and valve 21 is open all vthe air will pass through by-,pass pipe 2O directly to the burner where no combustion can take place for lack of oil. Between these two extreme'positions of the valves lies a position which will produce the proper richness of mixture for complete and economical combustion which can easily be found by Vvatching the flame. Upon stopping the mo- "toi' the supply of aires wellv as oil ceases and the atomizing chamber completely n through the atomizer into the ato'mizing chamber. 4

While the. arrangement of Vparts shown is a convenient one it lies within the scope of the invention to arrange the several units in different relative posi-tions, to modify the size and shape of the atomizing chamber, to use screens or baille plates within saidchamber, andto make use of more than. one atomizer of any suitable design, pointing the lnozzles in any direction found most advantageous to secure the best results depending upon the consistency of the fuel oil Vused and other variable circumstances.

K Although the invention has been described in considerable detail, it is to be understood that the invention may be variously embodied andV is, therefore, to be limited only as claimed.`

. I claim:

l.V VThe combination of a fuel supply tank,

a closed atomizing tank located at a higher level than said supply tank, said atoniizing tank having an lopen unobstructed interior, a returnpipe` leading from the rlower end of' said atomizing tank to saidl fuel tank, an

air pipe'leading into the lower portion of said atomizing tank, externally located means for forcinga blast. of air through said-pipe into said tank, an outlet pipe leading r'omf Y the upper end 'of said atomizing tank, a fuel spray nozzle locate-'d within'said atomizing tank adjacent its upper end and directedY downwardly for projecting a spray of fuel downwardly in a fine mist to thereby create V a mist-zone extending'downwardly from said nozzle to the bottom of said tank and laterallyV 'to the sides of said tank in a cone-like formation, whereby the air is forced to pass in an upward direction through the downwardly passing mist of fuel, means for drawing fuelVV from said fuel tank and forcing such fuel under pressure through .said nozzle, whereby the outwardly passing air entrains a mist of fuel with the fuel in a finely divided state.

2. The combination of a fuel supply tank, a closed atomizing tank located at a higher level than theI Vsupply tankand having a return pipe leading from the lower end of said y 'atomi-zing tank, externally located means for forcing air into the lower portion of said atoinizing tank` said atoinizing tank having a centrally located outlet at its upper end, a

fuel supply pipe leading upwardly from Ythe supply tank and extending through the side wall of the atomizing tank, a fuel spray noz?` zle attached to the supply tank and arranged in said atomizing tank adjacent its upper endd'l for directing a spray of fuel downwardly ,to

create .a mist-zone of cone-like formation contacting with the sidewalls of said atomizing tank and substantially filling thelower portion of said tank. and means fordrawing fuel from said Vfuel tank Vand"forcingv said fuel under pressure through said nozzle whereby theair entering the lower portion 'off' said atomizing tank is forced to pass through' the mistzone on its way to said outlet.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing l have hereunto set my handy at Fort Wayne, 1, 5 in the county of Allen and Statel ofIndiana-...

. JOHN AsfrRoM.v f 

